ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
The district has fairly large number of live stock including cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goats, horses, ponnies, donkeys, pigs & poultry. The lives stock population of the district according to 1991 survey was about 14.5 Lacs. The following table gives tehsil-wise relative figures.
(IN HUNDRED)
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CATTLE AND BUFFALOESLive stock wealth is an index to the country’s prosperity. In a state where the holdings are small and fragmented and the collective and co-operative farming is practically non-existant, cattle form the backbone of economy. Agricultural and live stock improvement programme go hand in hand for revolutionizing the economy. The essential equipment of the farmer used to be a pair of oxen/ buffaloes to do the ploughing and to draw the cart. Even though the bullocks have been replaced by tractors, yet the importance of cattle in agriculture economy remains almost unchanged on account of the yield of milk, manure, skins and hides.
The district is well known for Murrah breed of buffaloes and Haryana breed of cows. Thousands of good quality Murrah buffaloes are exported annually to the Metropolitan cities. The Cows are mainly kept for breeding calves and partly on religious grounds. Murrah buffaloes are amongst the most efficient milk and butter-fat producers in India.
The intensive cattle development project started on Ist Dec, 1969 was comprehensive plan for increasing the milk production and working efficiency of cattle. The scheme envisaged systematically planned method for the best utilization of superior germ plasma obtained from superior stock. The technique of Artificial Insemination was adopted to utilize the available limited supplies through a number of approved bulls. Controlled breeding was brought about through elimination of scrub bulls. Simultaneously attention was paid to the increased production of good quality feed and fodder. To provide breeding service through quality bulls on scientific lines 138 Stockman Centers/Vety. Dispensaries and 47 hospitals are working in the distt. where facilities for artificial insemination with liquid & frozen Semen are available.
The figures of Artificial Insemination done and Calves born year-wise are given as under:-
Scheme For Preservation Of Murrah Breed Of Buffaloes
Scheme for the preservation of Murah breed of Buffaloes was started way back in the year 1997-98. High yielding buffaloes from this district and also from other parts of the state are regularly exported in thousands to metropolitan cities. After having milked the buffaloes for one lactation, these are sent to animal, an incentive scheme was launched by the Deptt. Of Animal Husbandry. To start- with, the scheme was started in seven districts of Haryana, which are famous for Murrah breed of Buffaloes. Under this scheme milk recording of Murray buffaloes is done in the hospitals/ Dispensaries. Owner of the buffalo yielding 15-18 kg of milk is given a cash incentive of RS. 5000/- and buffalo yielding more than 18 Kg of milk per day is given RS. 6000/- Male calf of such buffaloes is purchased by the dept. at market price, reared at Govt. Live- stock Farm HISAR and then supplied to the panchayats or used at Semen Banks of the deptt .Such animals are provided with insurance cover and 50% amount of insurance premium is paid by the deptt. An affidavit is obtained from the beneficiary, not to sell the buffalo for at least three years. Such buffaloes can get this incentive money for any number of years provided that buffalo qualifies for milk yield.
S.P.C.A.
Society for Prevention of Cruelly to animals was established and registered under the societies act with the great efforts of Deputy Director ICDP Jind and field Veterinarians. Election for the society was held in 1999. With the great efforts of the President of Society hundreds of Cows being taken in trucks were nabbed and prevented from going to slaughter houses. These Cows are taken to Goshalas and kept there. Case was registered against the persons in the police station. SPCA is doing very good job in preventing the almost extinct breed of Cows from being slaughtered.
S.L.B.P.Special Live stock breeding program was started in the year 1975-76 with the help of Govt. of India, program was started with a view to raise the financial status of economically and socially Weaker section of the society specially small, marginal farmers and landless agricultural labourers.
Under this scheme Rs. 16000/- is given as loan to the beneficiary for the purchase of sheep unit and subsidy of Rs. 3770/- only is given.
In the second scheme one third feed subsidy is given to the beneficiary of female cross-bred calf from the age of 4-32 months, Rs. Two Lacs is given every year as subsidy to such beneficiaries.
GAUSHALA DEVELOPMENT
Gaushalas, according to the old concept, were the institutions opened under religious sentiments to house the unproductive and useless Cattle and were run on charity. To give a new meaning to the old concept, an idea was mooted to convert these institutions into cattle breeding-cum-milk production centres with some financial assistance and technical guidance.
At present there are ten gaushalas in district Jind.
1. Rashtriya Gaushala Dharoli 2. Gaushala Gurukul Kalwa 3. Shri Gaushala Jind. 4. Som Nath Gaushala Jind. 5. Shri Gaushala Safidon. 6. Jajian Gaushala Saafidon. 7. Shri Gaushala Uchana khurd. 8. Shri Krishan Gaushala Narwana. 9. Shri Gaushala Uchana Kalan 10. Shri Gaushala Julana.
Gaushalas at S.No. 1 and 2 are maintaining a herd of pure breed of Haryana. They are doing a yeoman service for the preservation and maintenance of almost vanishing breed of Haryana Cows. To encourage such Gaushalas, Grant-in-aid is being given by Govt. of Haryana and Govt. of India. Embryo Transfer Technology(ETT) programmes has approved by the Govt. of India to preserve this breed. The animal from these two Gaushalas always participate in All India and State Level Live stock shows and always win good number of prizes.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ANIMAL DISEASES
The commoon animal diseases prevalent in the district are foot & mouth disease, Haemorrhagic septicemia, Surra and Parasitic diseases both internal and external.
FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASELocally known as”muh khur”, it generally occurs during the Winter season. In the initial stage which lasts for three-four days there is watery discharge from the mouth. There are lesions in the mouth, inside the hoof. This disease, though not fatal, is contagious and spreads through contact. It also causes great economic losses by reducing milk yield of lactating animals and disabling the working cattle. Regular arrangements for treatment of effected cattle exist at all Veterinary institutions. To check this disease, preventive Vaccination is carried out in cattle and buffaloes.
HAEMORRHAGIC SEPTICALMIAThe seasonal disease generally spreads with the start of rainy reason and is locally known as galghotu. The most dangerous contageous disease claims maximum mortality in Cattle and Buffaloe. The visible symptoms of the disease are high fever, dullness, loss of appetite and swelling of the throat. This leads to difficult respiration and gurgaling sound. Treatment is possible in early stages. Prophylactic vaccination is carried out free of cost among all live-stock before the on set of rainy season. Number of animals vaccinated against this disease during the year- 97-98=489653,98-99=487357 and 99-2000=448076.
RINDERPEST DISEASELocally known as sitla is an acute febrile and highly contageous disease affecting cattle and buffaloes. There is 100% mortality in affected animals.
District Jind and Haryana State as a whole has been declared as Rinderpest free state. No case of Rinderpest disease has been reported for the last ten years. This had been possible by immunizing the whole population of the state by the field Veterinarians and by setting check posts on State borders where the out going in coming animals were also vaccinated.
TREATMENT OF CATTLE DISEASEVarious preventive and Curative measures are taken up the Animal Husbandry Department to combat various types of disease.
Number of cases treated against various disease during the year 1997-98, 235867, 1998-99, 269158 and 1999-2000, 222807 No serious out break of any particulars disease has been reported from this area since 1998.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ DAIRY FARMING
Traditionally dairy farming had been in the hands of small farmers and landless agricultural laborers in the villages. The more affluent farmers kept cattle for their own needs. Milk and ghee were not adulterated.
With the increase in population and fast urbanization the demand for milk and milk products has gone up and the traditional dairy farming has been revolutionized into modern dairy farming.
Jind district is a part of the tract famous for Murrah Buffaloes and Haryana Cows and so occupies an important place in the development of dairying in the state. Keeping in view the locational advantage, the first milk plant of the state was set up at Jind which started functioning on 5th December, 1970.
This was the beginning of the white Revolution era in the state. This plant has the handling capacity of 50,000 Litres of milk per day and manufactures “VITA” brand of ghee, butter milk power etc which are popular throughout- the country for their good quality. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ INTENSIVE CATTLE DEVELOPMENT PROJECT- JIND
This project was established in the milk shed areas of Jind in 1969-70. The project aims at comprehensive Cattle breeding and improvement through the modern and scientific technique of Artificial Insemination with the semen of superior Indigenous as swell as exotic bulls.
Frozen semen of proven and quality bulls obtained from G.l.F. Hisar is supplied to about twenty five hospitals for Artificial Insemination. Rest of the institutions are supplies Liquid Semen. Liquid Semen is collected and processed at Semen Bank Jind. Semen Bank Jind is situated in an area of 90 Kanals out of which 71/2 Acres is agricultural land. Eight bulls (Buff. Bull-5,Cross-Bred Bulls-1 and H.F. Bull-2) are maintained at the semen Bank. Green fodder grown at the semen bank itself is given to the bulls throughout the year. Hay is made from the surplus green fodder which is used as dry fodder. This project covers about-75,000 breedable population of Cattle and buffaloes.
PIG DEVELOPMENT
Pig population in the district is 17775 according to live stock Census. Pig breeding is adopted by the Weaker Section of the society. It is promoted through the supply of york shire pigs produced at Government pig breeding farm, Hisar and maintained at piggery extension centre, Jind. This centre caters to the demand of pig breeders of the area who bring their sows for breeding. The veterinary hospitals and dispensaries functioning in the district attend to the work of disease control of the pigs.
SHEEP AND WOOL DEVELOPMENT
According to 1991 Census the sheep population in the district was 60185. There is fairly good scope for the development of sheep and wool industry. Three sheep & wool extension centres at Shamlo-Kalan, Uchana and Jind are functioning in the district. At these centres superior Nali rams are kept to fulfil the needs of the sheep breeders. These centres are doing very useful work in educating the breeders in improved methods of rearing and management of sheep including shearing and grading of wool and in providing veterinary aid to protect sheep from contageous and non-contagious diseases.
POULTRY DEVELOPMENT
According to 1991 Live stock census there were about eight Lakh of Poultry birds in the district. Jind District is very much famous for poultry farming. There are thousnad of big & small poultry farms in the district. One day old chicks, eggs and broilers are exported out of country by one of the poultry farms situated in Safidon sub-Divison. Veterinary hospitals and dispensaries functioning in the district provide education to the poultry breeders about the latest scientific techniques.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ FISHERIES
Fisheries provide considerable scope for gainful employment and play a vital role in rural-reconstruction and augmenting the inland fish production with the application of latest technology.
In order to develop fisheries scientifically a detailed survey was conducted to estimate the water resources readily available for fish culture in the district. Latest survey results show that district has pond water potentiality of about 662 hectares for the development of fisheries in villages. The running canals and drains also constitute the main resources of fisheries.
The main objective of the agency is to introduce and popularize the improved/modern technique of pisciculture so as to set up in land fish production and augment fish supplies. It further aims at providing employment opportunities to rural masses. The activity has good scope for bringing’ about Blue revolution’ in the district.
Fish culture in village ponds can help in utilizing the available water resources for fish production. At present there are 512 village ponds in the district having over 662 hectare of suitable area.
As per the data furnished by Fisheries Department, Fish Farmers Development Agency, Jind a total area of 387 hectares has been covered under the programme by the end of March, 1999-2000(FFDA achieved 104.38 hectares against the target of 105 hectares all village ponds/New ponds, While fisheries Department achieved 283 hectares against the target of 330) More than 32 Lac. The fish seed has been supplied to different fish farmers, as only 12000 Fish seed was supplied in year 1967-68.
The balance water area available for fish culture may be taken as long term potential for development. The village ponds are under the village panchayats and are leased out to interested farmers/persons by way of auction for period of 5-10 years. Most of the village ponds cover 1.0 to 2.0 hectares each and the Fisheries Department is also proposed to develop the marshy water logged area, which can be profitably converted into fishponds. There is a good response from the landowners in this respect. The F.F.D.A. has developed 12.73 hectares farmers’ land in shape of own fishpond against the target of 5.0 hectare.
Although the fisheries Department has established fish seed farm in almost every district for stocking the fish seed, but it has not been established in Jind so far. The demand for fish seed is met by transporting fish seed from Neighbouring Distt. and fish seed availability does not seem to be any problem for the district. The department charges Rs. 75/- per thousand of seed & hands over the seed to the farmers at the pond site.
The activity in leased ponds, own ponds and marshy area would require financial assistance from financial institutions/banks. The existing cost for excavating new ponds is Rs. 100000/- per hectares, including the cost of installation of Tube well; The department is providing subsidy @ 25% in general. They have the right to village ponds, which they lease out to farmers for fisheries development. Though, there is a provision in panchayat Act of leasing out village ponds at least for 10 years so as to enable the beneficiaries to take long terms measures for fish development such as renovation of pond by availing Institutional finance.
Marketing of fish from inland culture resources does not pose any problem in the district. Fishing rights in the canals and drains are controlled by the state government while rights of village ponds vest with the panchayat. The fishing rights of the canal/drains and village ponds are auctioned annually through open auctions by Government and village panchayats respectively. Fishermen co-operative societies are organized for marketing the fish produce.
Fish culture could not make much headway in the distt. In the recent past, however, number of fishponds under fish culture is going up every year but large fish potentiality is yet to be tapped. The estimated fish production during the year 1999-2000 about 1300 Ton, which has ready export market in Delhi and Calcutta. The fish culture provides full time occupation to villagers who are being educated to apply new technique and are encouraged by supplying farm equipments, quality seeds and organic chemical fertilizers. Fish farming has now become an important source of panchayats revenue and is becoming more popular day by day in the villages. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Last revised on 26/02/2001 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||